Apparatus for the manufacture of gas.



PATENTED NOV. l, 1904.

H. A. BRADLEY. APPARATUS POR THE MANUFAGTURE 0F GAS.

APPLICATIONTILBD DEG. 16. 1903.

N0 MODEL.

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No. 773,781. Patented November 1, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEErcEo HENRY A. BRADLEY, OE NEI/V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE BRADLEY UNIVERSAL HEAT, LIGHT, AND POWER COMPANY, OE NEV YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OE NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR THE NIANUFACTURE OF GAS,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 773,781, dated November 1, 1904.

Application filed December 16, 1903. Serial No; 185.372. (No model.)

T @ZZ 107mm 77ml/ UOWGWW l approved type and use in connection there- Be it known that I, HENRY A. BRADLEY, a with either coal or one of my improved gencitizen of the United States, and a resident of erators and burners, which will be hereinafter the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, described. 5 and State of New York, have invented certain The gas is generated in a furnace B and new and useful Improvements in Apparatus after passing through the washer O is confor the Manufacture of Gas, of which the folducted to the holder CZ, from which it is drawn lowing is a specification. through the pipe Z for consumption. The

My invention, while relating to apparatus hydrocarbon oil or other carbonaceous mate- IO which is made use of in the manufacture of rial is stored in a tank E and is supplied to illuminating and heating gases generally, has the several generators and burners by means reference more particularly to that form of of a supply-pipe e. 6G apparatus in which the gases are produced by The boiler or steam-generator A has two the decomposition ofsteam and carbonaceous steam-outlet pipes t and a', the former to sup- I5 material-such, for instance, as hydrocarbon ply the generator and burner, which is used oils, comniinuted coal, or both, and by the rebeneath the boiler to generate the steam, and combination of their elements `into Xed the pipe e' to Supply'steam tothe generator 65 gases-the object of the invention being to and burners within the furnace B, being proproduce an apparatus of this class which in vided With a valve t2 to limit the supply of 2O addition to possessing great simplicity and steam or shut it off entirely when desired.

the utilization of the steam which furnishes a The furnace B has at its front orifices for portion of the gas when formed as the motive the admission of air and is provided at its `power for forcing the other elements with reary with a stack L for the passage of the itself through the same shall insure of the products of combustion; but this latter may 25 more thorough decomposition of the materials be closed by a damper b2, when required. In from which the gas is formed and the more the upper part of the interior of the furnace complete union of the elements of the steam is suspended a generator E, which is a shell and of those materials into a fixed and perof metal or other heat-resisting material dimanent gas than has heretofore been possivided into three compartments, the first com- 30 ble with machines of this class as heretofore partment, f, being to receive steam, which it in use. does from the pipes a', through the branch To these ends the invention consists in cerpipe a2. The second compartment, f on the tain peculiarities of construction and combiy other hand, is to receive, through suction, a nations of parts, all as will hereinafter more supply of hydrocarbon oil or other car- 35 fully appear. bonaceous material from. the supply-pipe e,

The drawing accompanying this speciica- While the third compartment, f 2, is to receive tion represents a complete apparatus for the the mixed steam and oil or other carbonaceous 8 5 production and storage of gas with my inmaterial, which, from pressure due to the vention applied in connection therewith, the superheating of these elements in the cham- 40 generator and the burners and the generating-` bers or compartments f and f, are forced on furnace being shown in section. through the pipe f? to the washer O. The par- The elements used in the production of intitions dividing the various compartments are flammable gas by my improved apparatus is provided with openings and nipples f "L, so that water in the form of vapor or steam and some the steam on entering the chamber f rushes 45 carbonaceous substance, preferably a hydrothrough these nipples into the carburetingcarbon oil or comminuted coal. I therefore chamber f; but the force with which it enters provide my apparatus with a steam-generator the same and that imparted to it by further Aor ordinary boiler A of the upright or other superheating causes it to continue through f and into the fixing-chamber fz carries with vcontain a small amount of inflammable matethe nipples of the second partition and into the fixing-chamber fi. This movement of the steam through the carbureting-chamber it the vaporized hydrocarbon oil or other carbonaceous material, and the two are thoroughly mixed in the latter chamber and converted into a fixed gas. lVhile this transit of the steam and oil or other carbonaceous material is being effected the generator is subjected to the intense heat of the incandescent gases arising from a generator and burner G, and the constituents of the steam and oil or other material are more thoroughlyv fixed and converted into a permanent and stable gas.

The burner G is identical in construction with that of the generator F, with the exception that the rear wall of the fixed chamber is provided with orifices and nipples, like the partitions between the steam and carbureting chambers and between the carbureting and fixing chambers, for discharging and burning' the gases issuing therefrom. lt, however, receives and mixes its steam and oil or other carbonaceous material in precisely the same way as the chambers or compartments g, g. and g2, but utilizes its gases immediately in heating the said generator. The nipples which form the egress from the mixing-chamber f/L to the interior of the furnace need not lie in line with the nipples in the other partition, but may be offset, in order to allow the blast of mixed constituents to enter this chamber and circulate to some extent before leaving it. The burner Gr is heated and its gas ignited by a small burner H beneath it, and it receives its steam through the branch pipe t3 and its oil or other material through the pipe e.

The burner H is in turn preferably of the same construction as that of the burner G and is located beneath it. This burner receives its steam from a branch pipe ai* and its oil or other carbonaceous material from the pipe e2, and has located at its inner end a hood or defiector I, into which its blast of gas is directed and received and by which it is in an incandescentr form deiected and thrown back upon the burner H itself, affording thereby the necessary heat to generate and fix the gas within the same preparatory to its use.

Beneath the burner H is placed a pan J to rial-such, for instance, as oil or gasoleneto heat the burner preparatory to the generation of the gas within it. Then the gas is genera-ted within the burner, it is or may be ignited by the liame arising from this pan, and the gas as thus ignited lbeingl discharged into the hood or detlector I with great violence will be deflected back upon and around the burner and serves to envelop and heat it sufiiciently t'o continue the generation of the gas when the contents of the pan J are eX- hausted.

The storage-tank E is shown as being located beneath the surface of the ground; but it is obvious that it may be placed at any convenient point and the carbonaceous'substance stored therein brought to the generating-point by any appropriate means or in any desired manner.

The branch pipes of both the pipes a/ and e are provided with valves or cocks having gages to indicate the amount of material or steam passing' through the same` and the boiler A is or may be similarly provided with the necessary pressure and water gages and safetyvalves, as shown.

Within the boiler A, I have shown in dotted lines a small burner similar to the burner H and having a similar deflecting-hood for deliecting the lia-me resulting from the combustion of the gas issuing from its inner end back and around the burner itself, whereby the burner may be maintained at the proper degree of heat to enable it to carry on its appropriate functions.

The washerC is of ordinary construction and has its drain-cock and overflow, and the holder D is of the class usually employed to receive and contain gas until drawn off for consumption.

In the use of solid carbonaceous substancessuch as coal-dust, @25e-gravity may be resorted to to supply the same to the generator and burner, although the suction produced by the steam-blast in passing through them and the superheating of the same in its transit may render this precaution unnecessary.

It is obvious that instead of using the pan J to heat the burner H a pipe may be so disposed beneath it as to supply a jet of gas from the holder D to give the burner its initial heating.

Vhile in the drawing I have shown and in the foregoing described the burners G and H, l make no claim to those devices herein when separately considered, as the same are einbodied in and form a part of the subject-matter of another application filed in the United States Patent Ofice of even date herewith.

Having now described my invention and specified certain of the ways in which it is or may be carried into effect, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesn l. The combination, with a generator for gas consisting of a heat-resisting easing with inclosed communicating steam, carbureting, and fixing chambers for receiving, decomposing, and converting steam and carbonaceous material into a fixed gas, means for supplying' steam and carbonaceous material to such generator, a gas-holder, and means for connecting the fixing-chamber of the generator to such gas-holder, of a burner arranged beneath the generator for heating the latter and similarly constructed with a heat-resisting casing and inclosed communicating steam, carburet- IOO IIO

ing, and fixing chambers, means for supplying steam and carbonaceous material to such burner, and means for heating said burner, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a furnace, a generator for gas arranged therein and constructed with a heat-resisting casing and With inclosed communicating steam,carbureting, and ixing chambers, a gas-holder, and means for connecting the fixing-chamber of the generator with the gas-holder and for supplying steam and carbonaceous material to such generator, of a burner arranged beneath` the generator for heating the latter and similarly constructed With a heat-resisting casing and With inclosed steam, carbureting, and fixing chambers, means for supplying steam and carbonaceous material to such burner, and a second burner for heating theiirst-mentioned burner, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with a furnace, a gasgenerator arranged therein and constructed with a heat-resisting casing and With inclosed communicating steam, carloureting, and iixing chambers, a gas-holder, and means for connecting the fixing-chamber of the generator with the gas-holder, of a burner arranged beneath the generator for heating the latter and similarly constructed with a heat-resisting casing and with inclosed communicating steam, carbureting, and iixing chambers, means for supplying steam and carbonaceous material to such burner, a second burner arranged beneath the first-mentioned burner for heating the latter and likewise constructed with a heat-resisting casing and With inclosed communicating steam, carbureting, and fixing chambers, means for supplying steam and carbonaceous material to this second burner, and a dellector arranged in front of this lastmentioned burner to deflect the heat arising from' the combination of gas discharged by such burner back upon and around the burner itself to heat the same, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of December, 1903.

HENRY A. BRADLEY.

Witnesses:

A. S. BROWN, R. F. SWEENY. 

